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フェアトレードとは　What is the fairtrade?

The fairtrade is a mechanism that the producer's continued life improvement is supported by continuously having dealings over crops and the products grown in the developing countries by a proper price.

One-sided current financial support had the problem of being controlled by convenience on the supporters' side, and lacking continuance.
On the other hand, the fairtrade is shape of the familiar international cooperation that can be done by buying the commodity that we consumers entered his nature. If it is this method, the load of the helped side can be also a little, and continuous help be done without impossibility.

An the fair trade movement with countries of the south spread in full scale around Europe in the 1960's, and "Third world shop" of several thousand stores are opened by all over the world now. The number of shops that treat the group and the fair trade commodity that works on the fair trade has increased also in Japan.

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フェアトレードラベル運動　Fairtrade label movement

However, it is a consumerism by the citizens limited for understanding to exist, doesn't have the point of contact with a general market, and the amount of the import be limited. Then, having begun to think in answer to the voice of the producer in the developing country of wanting you to buy it more by a fair price is a fair trade label movement.

It started in 1988 in the Netherlands ( named Maxhavellar), and the label movement spread around Germany (named TransFair) in 1992 afterwards. The fair trade label movement organization in every country in the world is settled to one, and the international network organization FLO( Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International ) is established, and signatories at present almost are the whole areas, and 21 in total of the United States, Canada, and Japan countries in Europe in 1997. The country and 58 725 producer groups (Latin America, Africa, and Asia) in total receive the producer attestation of FLO, and 2202 traders are registering. 7.5 million including the producer and 1.5 million families has received the favor of the fair trade. (As of August, 2009. )

拡大するフェアトレードラベル商品　 Expanding fairtrade label commodities

The expansion of 47% compared with 2.3 billion Euro (about 370 billion yen) and the previous years and the presumption market scale in 2008 have expanded to the presumption market scale of the entire world of the fair trade attestation product with 2.9 billion Euro (about 400 billion yen) in 2007. It is presumed to have received a lot of about 24 billion yen or more than the producer of the 400 billion yen sells it in a usual market.

Some civic groups (NGO) and the church organizations were concentrated in 1993 and TransFair Japan was established in Japan (The name was changed from TransFair along with the adoption of the FLO logo that was common to the world and new with Fairtrade label Japan in February, 2004, and changed to the Law to Promote Specified Nonprofit Activities person

FLO aims at the expansion of the market share of the fair trade commodity not expanded easily to a general market till then by giving the label to the commodity that sets the global standard of the fair trade, defends it, and was imported.

Even a general trader agreed to this rule, came to be able to participate in the fair trade, and the label commodity came to line up in the supermarket. It is permitted to the commodity that defends the standard and was imported to paste the label that shows that it is a fair trade commodity, and the consumer understands that, chooses the commodity with the label, buys, and can support the producer in the developing country. It is widespread for 90% of the consumer to know the meaning of the label very much in the Netherlands that has accomplished the central role of this movement. (To know the spread in foreign countries, the fair trade label group in the world is checked. )

On the other hand, in Japan the presumption market scale in 2008 is about 1.4 billion yen, a very small situation not being compared with foreign countries though a famous enterprise like Starbucks Coffee,TULLY'S COFFEE ,AEON, and MUJIRUSI, etc. have been gradually participating in the fair trade label in Japan since 2003.

普通の商取引とフェアトレードの違いは基準にあり
The difference between a usual trading and the fair trade is in its standard.

The word fair trade is made the feature of the fair trade label is to be made the system that the standard of each article is set, the producer is attested by a special inspector in the FLO attestation company as the third-party institution based on the standard, and the importer and the distributor are audited also in Japan though is widespread.
The consumer is safe, and can buy the fair trade commodity by trusting it by buying the label commodity. It resembles the JAS attestation system of the organic farming that the respect country provides. There is details to which the country provided the JAS standard to start as a movement of the private organization about organic farming, and to defend the consumer from an indefinite, confusing display.

フェアトレードラベルはフェアトレードの国際基準
The fairtrade label is a global standard of the fair trade.

.The coffee producers in the developing country grow the seedling, the fertilizer is done, and the harvest is faced through the labour for farming of every day.
However, they are ignorant of knowledge and information on the market, and exist in the weakness in the standpoint without the way of the negotiation with the trader. As a result, they are beaten down in the price that falls below under one's thumb and the produce cost of a malignant and exploited broker. This is a current state of the coffee market. The economic discrepancy in the south north becomes impossible for keep it not only extends as long as here is not solved but also such a small-scale producer produces coffee sooner or later.

To review this unfair mechanism from foundation, FLO promotes the shape of a new trade. A good product that filled the standard was made and, and, the rule of the trade of making payment and a long-term contract before the producer was prevented from fitting in the trap of the debt was made from a price that was higher than the market in the world.
It is as follows with standards such as coffee and the tea that "Fairtrade Standard " (FLO) provides.

フェアトレードの意義と役割について the meaning and the role of the fair trade

The fair trade was born after World War II as the NGOs like Lutheran World Federation that is the cooperation group of the Wakachiai Project is established for the reconstruction activity and the support for refugees after World War II. The fair trade is trying to support the developing country as for the field of an economic activity though it is a common idea that NGOs is dealing with the emergency restoration, the support for refugees, the education, and the medical treatments.
The meaning of the fair trade is more and more important after the 60 years.
- The fair trade is concerned much with the producer's independence,dignity, and proud compared with mere financial support by requesting the obligation and the responsibility from producers
- The main and earth problems at present and in the future are environmental problems and North-South problems (problems of poverty in the country of the economic discrepancy in the country of the south and the country of the north and the souths). The cause of a lot of wars and fights has come from the poverty issues in the base. The fair trade is a concrete grappling with this problem.
- Agriculture is the main industry in the developing country. Many of work forces engage in agriculture (60% in Kenya . Bangladesh dish 62%). It can be said that it is a base of the approach on problems of poverty to support the agricultural producers.
- The estimated sale volume comes to exceed 110 billion yen in Britain as a result of the each level of the society cooperating just like environmental problems and working together. This flow is a flow of the world. The reason for this is that the poverty issues is a problem of the world that cannot steer around.
- It doesn't actually necessarily function well, and the rich-poor gap has extended rather though the idea of working on problems of poverty of the world by having used ODA (official development assistance) up to now was general. The fair trade has the possibility with the extension as the role is played. - It is a problem of farm subsidies by the government such as Europe and the United States that doesn't forget to support the agricultural producers in the developing countries.. It is a structure that the market price is suppressed to low by enormous amount of subsidy paid by the sugar producer in Europe, the sugar farmer in the developing country suffers as a result, and the subsidy to the cotton producer in the United States afflicts the cotton producers in India and Africa. It is a problem of not forgetting when working on the fair trade. Emphasizing only the fair trade has the structure that becomes a kind of hypocritical. Japan is not fortunately a structure that the bounty from the Government afflicts the farmer in the developing country. In that sense, it is in the standpoint in which it can insist on the fair trade in a dignified manner.
- To our regret, because these are not understood, the spread of the fair trade is late in Japan.

世界第2位のGDP国、日本でなぜフェアトレードが普及しないのでしょうか？　Why does not the fair trade spread in the GDP country (Japan) in the second place in the world?

Such a reason is thought.
- Then, we do not feel the problems as such for our consideration although we are internationalized in the world, enjoying its favor.
- It is not widespread to the citizens. fair trade iteself in Japan.
- The meaning of the fair trade is not understood well.
- Because neither an economic, developed side nor a social development side of the fair trade are understood in Japan, it is not seriously taken up as a theme of the international cooperation.
- Britain (The estimated market scale in 2008: 110 billion yen) and active countries of the fair trade such as France (33 billion yen) seems to be deeply connected with the colonialism in the past , and are holding internal affairs that come round the people who live. Therefore, it seems that fairness becomes a problem in daily life. Such fairness is not so considered in Japan.
- Neither development NGO nor the government are financially supporting the Fairtrade Label Japan like Europe etc.Therefore, it is not possible to work on the promotion activities of the fair trade by a special staff.
- The consumer・s Cooperatives have the same idea of fairtrade to support the agricultural producers.. However, Coop in Japan is not participating in the fair trade label movement (It is a mystery of Japan. About 20% of the entire sales is sales in Britain by Coop. The fair trade beer by which Wakachiai Project has imported is one manufactured for Coop in Britain).
The conference "Selection of the cooperative that worked poorly by the fair trade" was held in the EU assembly in last November. Coop in South Korea imported sugar from the FLO sugar producer in the Philippines that Wakachiai Project introduced for them , and has already begun sales as the fair trade label commodity in Korea.　I want to ask, "What is Coop in Japan doing?" Neither an agricultural farmers in Japan have consideration of supporting the farmer in the developing country through the fair trade. The fair trade is one of the main issues with which ICA(International Co-operative Alliance) that Nokyo (all agriculture) and Coop (Japan Co-op Union) have joined should grapple.
- The groups that act based on the idea of the fair trade are originally utmost in thier activities for survival. Therefore, they do not participate in an indispensable fair trade label to spread the fair trade widely.

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